Description
Metformin is an oral prescription medication primarily used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. It belongs to a class of drugs known as biguanides and is considered the first-line treatment due to its effectiveness, safety profile, and affordability.
Metformin helps lower blood glucose levels and improve the body’s sensitivity to insulin.
Brand Names of Metformin
Metformin is available under several brand names, including:
-
Glucophage
-
Glumetza
-
Fortamet
-
Riomet (liquid form)
It is also available in generic form, which is widely used and cost-effective.
How It Works
Metformin works in three main ways:
-
Reduces glucose production in the liver.
-
Improves insulin sensitivity, helping cells absorb and use glucose more effectively.
-
Decreases glucose absorption in the intestines.
Unlike some diabetes medications, Metformin does not increase insulin production, which reduces the risk of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar).
Common Uses
-
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (primary use)
-
Prediabetes (off-label to delay or prevent diabetes)
-
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) (off-label)
-
Gestational diabetes (in select cases under medical supervision)
-
Weight management in insulin-resistant individuals (off-label)
Dosage and Administration
Metformin comes in immediate-release (IR) and extended-release (ER) forms.
✅ Typical Adult Dosage:
| Form | Starting Dose | Max Daily Dose |
|---|---|---|
| Immediate-Release | 500 mg once or twice daily | 2,550 mg/day |
| Extended-Release | 500-1,000 mg once daily with dinner | 2,000 mg/day (some up to 2,500 mg) |
Administration tips:
-
Take with food to reduce gastrointestinal side effects.
-
Swallow tablets whole — do not crush or chew.
Metformin Benefits
-
Reduces A1C levels (average blood sugar over 3 months)
-
Aids in weight stabilization or modest loss
-
Lowers LDL cholesterol and triglycerides
-
Lowers risk of cardiovascular events
-
Does not cause hypoglycemia on its own.
Reviews
There are no reviews yet.